This section provides the correspondence between SQL data types and COBOL data descriptions.

Data can be exchanged between variables of compatible data types and between variables of either convertible or assignable data types.

Table E-8 shows SQL data types and COBOL data descriptions. Table E-9 shows SQL data types and COBOL data descriptions when arrays are used. Table E-10 shows SQL data types and COBOL data descriptions when repetition columns are used. Note that the data descriptions in these tables can also be coded as follows:

PICTURE:

PIC

COMPUTATIONAL:

COMP

COMPUTATIONAL-n:

COMP-n

9(n):

99 9

X(n):

XX X

OCCURS n TIMES:

OCCURS 1 TO n TIMES 0

OCCURS 1 TO n

OCCURS n

Table E-8 SQL data types and COBOL data descriptions

SQL data type		COBOL data description	Item coding	Remarks
SMALLINT		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL.	elementary-item or independent-item
INTEGER		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL.	elementary-item or independent-item
DECIMAL [(p[,s])]		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(p-s) [V9(s)] COMPUTATIONAL-3.	elementary-item or independent-item	If 1 p 2910, 0 s p, and p = s, then SV9(s). If s = 0, then [V9(s)] is omitted.
		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(p-s)[V9(s)] DISPLAY SIGN LEADING SEPARATE.9
SMALLFLT (REAL)		L1 elementary-item-name COMPUTATIONAL-1.	elementary-item or independent-item
FLOAT (DOUBLE PRECISION)		L1 elementary-item-name COMPUTATIONAL-2.	elementary-item or independent-item
CHAR [(n)]		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE X(n).5	elementary-item or independent-item	1 n 30000
VARCHAR (n)		L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(n).5	A group item composed of two elementary items elementary-item-name-1: character-string-length elementary-item-name-2: character-string	1 n 32000
NCHAR [(n)]		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE N(n).	elementary-item or independent-item	1 n 15000
NVARCHAR (n)		L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE N(n)	A group item composed of two elementary items elementary-item-name-1: character-string-length elementary-item-name-2: character-string	1 n 16000
MCHAR [(n)]		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE X(n).6	elementary-item or independent-item	1 n 30000
MVARCHAR (n)		L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(n).6	A group item composed of two elementary items elementary-item-name-1: character-string-length elementary-item-name-2: character-string	1 n 32000
DATE		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE X(10).6	elementary-item or independent-item
TIME		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE X(8).6	elementary-item or independent-item
TIMESTAMP[(p)]		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE X(n).6	elementary-item or independent-item	If p = 0, n = 19. If p = 2, n = 21 or 22. If p = 4, n = 23 or 24. If p = 6, n = 25 or 26.
INTERVAL YEAR TO DAY		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(8) COMPUTATIONAL-3.	elementary-item or independent-item
INTERVAL HOUR TO SECOND		L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(6) COMPUTATIONAL-3.	elementary-item or independent-item
ROW3		Combination of data items and group items in this table1	A group item composed of elementary items	1 total-length 30000
BLOB		L2 group-item-name2 [USAGE [IS]] SQL TYPE IS BLOB(n[K |M |G]). 4, 7	elementary-item	Default: 1 n 2147483647 In units of K: 1 n 2097152 In units of M: 1 n 2048 In units of G: 1 n 2
BINARY(n)		L2 group-item-name. L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(n).5, 7	A group item composed of two elementary items elementary-item-name-1: character-string-length elementary-item-name-2: character-string character-string-length is the byte count.	1 n 2147483647
BLOB locator		L1 elementary-item-name SQL TYPE IS BLOB AS LOCATOR.8	elementary-item or independent-item
BINARY locator		L1 elementary-item-name SQL TYPE IS BINARY AS LOCATOR.8	elementary-item or independent-item
Indicator variable	Other than BLOB, BINARY, BLOB locator, or BINARY locator	L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL.	elementary-item or independent-item
	BLOB, BINARY, BLOB locator, or BINARY locator	L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL.
SQL statement		L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(n)	A group item composed of two elementary items elementary-item-name-1: character-string-length elementary-item-name-2: character-string	1 n 2000000

Legend:

L1: Level number 01-49 or 77

L2: Level number 01-48

L3: Level number 02-49 (L2 < L3)

n: Length (bytes)

p: Precision (total number of digits)

s: Scale (number of digits beyond the decimal point)

¹ The following clauses can be used:

• REDEFINES
• OCCURS
• ADDRESSED BY

² A group item name should be coded as no more than 21 characters. However, for COBOL2002, a group item name should be 22 characters or less.

³ Operations involving the ROW type are allowed only when the HiRDB server and the HiRDB client use the same endian type.

⁴ The coding of a BLOB UAP is expanded internally as follows:

L2 group-item-name.
 49 group-item-name_RESERVED PIC S(9) USAGE IS BINARY. 1
 49 group-item-name_LENGTH   PIC S(9) USAGE IS BINARY. 2
 49 group-item-name_DATA     PIC X(m).                 3

1. group-item-name_RESERVED is not used.
2. group-item-name_LENGTH is equal to the BLOB actual length.
3. group-item-name_DATA is the BLOB data storage area (where m denotes the actual data length).

⁵ This item can be defined using 9 in place of X. If 9 is used for definition, the operation when a character string containing a character other than a number is substituted or received as the retrieval result depends on the installed COBOL compiler.

⁶ Do not use 9 for X during definition, although using 9 does not cause an error during preprocessing.

⁷ The maximum value that can be declared depends on the installed COBOL compiler. For details, see the manual for the COBOL compiler to be used.

⁸ The following internal expansion takes place:

 
L1 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL.

⁹ The data type for the HiRDB server is the DECIMAL type, but it is represented as a signed external decimal item of the numeric type.

¹⁰ The value range depends on the specifications of the COBOL compiler. For example, for COBOL85, the range is 1 p 18.

Table E-9 SQL data types and COBOL data descriptions when arrays are used

SQL data type		COBOL data description	Item coding	Remarks
SMALLINT		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL OCCURS m TIMES.	A group item composed of repetitions of data items in which the same data structure is repeated through specification of OCCURS
INTEGER		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(9) OCCURS m TIMES.
DECIMAL [(p[,s])]		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9 (p-s)[V9(s)] COMPUTATIONAL-3 OCCURS m TIMES.		1 p 293, 0 s p If p = s, SV9(s) is used. If s = 0, [V9(s)] is omitted.
		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(p-s)[V9(s)] DISPLAY SIGN LEADING SEPARATE OCCURS m TIMES.
SMALLFLT (REAL)		L2 elementary-item-name COMPUTATIONAL-1 OCCURS m TIMES.
FLOAT (DOUBLE PRECISION)		L2 elementary-item-name COMPUTATIONAL-2 OCCURS m TIMES.
CHAR [(n)]		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE X(n) OCCURS m TIMES.1		1 n 30000
VARCHAR (n)		L2 group-item-name OCCURS m TIMES. L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(n).*		1 n 32000
NCHAR [(n)]		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE N(n) OCCURS m TIMES.		1 n 15000
NVARCHAR (n)		L2 group-item-name OCCURS m TIMES. L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE N(n)		1 n 16000
MCHAR [(n)]		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE X(n) OCCURS m TIMES.2		1 n 30000
MVARCHAR (n)		L2 group-item-name-2 OCCURS m TIMES. L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(n).2		1 n 32000
DATE		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE X(10) OCCURS m TIMES.2
TIME		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE X(8) OCCURS m TIMES.2
TIMESTAMP(n)		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE X(n) OCCURS m TIMES.2		If p = 0, n = 19. If p = 2, n = 21 or 22. If p = 4, n = 23 or 24. If p = 6, n = 25 or 26.
INTERVAL YEAR TO DAY		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(8) COMPUTATIONAL-3 OCCURS m TIMES.
INTERVAL HOUR TO SECOND		L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(6) COMPUTATIONAL-3 OCCURS m TIMES.
ROW		L2 group-item-name-2 OCCURS m TIMES. Combination of data items and group items in this table
BLOB		CN	CN
BINARY		L2 group-item-name-2 OCCURS m TIMES. L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(n).1	A group item composed of repetitions of data items in which the same data structure is repeated through specification of OCCURS.	FETCH that uses an array 4 n 2147483644 (n must be a multiple of 4.) Other than FETCH that uses an array 4 n 32000 (n must be a multiple of 4.)
BLOB locator
BINARY locator		L2 elementary-item-name SQL TYPE IS BINARY AS LOCATOR OCCURS m TIMES.	Group item consisting of iterative data items that repeat the same data structure according to the OCCURS specification
Indicator variable	Other than BINARY or BINARY locator	L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL OCCURS m TIMES.
	BINARY or BINARY locator	L2 elementary-item-name PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL OCCURS m TIMES.
SQL statement		CN	CN

Legend:

CN: Cannot be coded.

L2: Level number 02-49 (L2 < L3). You cannot specify level number 01, 66, 77, or 88 for L2. For details, see the syntax rules for the OCCURS clause in the COBOL manual.

L3: Level number 03-49

m: Number of array elements (1-4,096)

n: Length (bytes)

p: Precision (total number of digits)

s: Scale (number of digits beyond the decimal point)

¹ This item can be defined using 9 in place of X. If 9 is used for definition, the operation when a character string containing a character other than a number is substituted or received as the retrieval result depends on the installed COBOL compiler.

² Do not use 9 for X during definition, although using 9 does not result in an error during preprocessing.

³ The range depends on the specifications of the COBOL compiler. For example, for COBOL85, the range is 1 p 18.

Table E-10 SQL data types and COBOL data descriptions when repetition columns are used

SQL data type	COBOL data description	Item coding	Remarks
SMALLINT	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL OCCURS m TIMES.	A group item composed of two elementary items
INTEGER	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL OCCURS m TIMES.
DECIMAL [(p[,s])]	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE S9 (p-s)[V9(s)] COMPUTATIONAL-3 OCCURS m TIMES.		1 p 293, 0 s p When p = s, SV9(s) is used. When s = 0, [V9(s)] is omitted.
	L2 group-item-name. L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE S9(p-s)[V9(s)] DISPLAY SIGN LEADING SEPARATE OCCURS m TIMES.
SMALLFLT (REAL)	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 COMPUTATIONAL-1 OCCURS m TIMES.
FLOAT (DOUBLE PRECISION)	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 COMPUTATIONAL-2 OCCURS m TIMES.
CHAR [(n)]	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(n) OCCURS m TIMES.1		1 n 30000
VARCHAR (n)	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 OCCURS m TIMES. L4 elementary-item-name-3 PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL. L4 elementary-item-name-4 PICTURE X(n).1	A group item composed of two elementary items and a group item composed of one elementary item.	1 n 32000
NCHAR [(n)]	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE N(n) OCCURS m TIMES.	A group item composed of two elementary items.	1 n 15000
NVARCHAR (n)	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 OCCURS m TIMES. L4 elementary-item-name-3 PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL. L4 elementary-item-name-4 PICTURE N(n).	A group item composed of two elementary items and a group item composed of one elementary item.	1 n 16000
MCHAR [(n)]	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(n) OCCURS m TIMES.1	A group item composed of two elementary items.	1 n 30000
MVARCHAR (n)	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 OCCURS m TIMES. L4 elementary-item-name-3 PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL. L4 elementary-item-name-4 PICTURE X(n).1	A group item composed of two elementary items and a group item composed of one elementary item.	1 n 32000
DATE	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(10) OCCURS m TIMES.2	A group item composed of two elementary items.
TIME	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(8 OCCURS m TIMES.2
TIMESTAMP[(n)]	L2 group-item-name. L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE X(n) OCCURS m TIMES.2		If p = 0, n = 19. If p = 2, n = 21 or 22. If p = 4, n = 23 or 24. If p = 6, n = 25 or 26.
INTERVAL YEAR TO DAY	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(8) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE S9(8) COMPUTATIONAL-3 OCCURS m TIMES.
INTERVAL HOUR TO SECOND	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(6) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE S9(6) COMPUTATIONAL-3 OCCURS m TIMES.
ROW	CN	CN
BLOB	CN	CN
BINARY	CN	CN
BLOB locator	CN	CN
BINARY locator	CN	CN
Indicator variable (other than BLOB, BINARY, BLOB locator, or BINARY locator)	L2 group-item-name L3 elementary-item-name-1 PICTURE S9(9) COMPUTATIONAL. L3 elementary-item-name-2 PICTURE S9(4) COMPUTATIONAL OCCURS m TIMES.	A group item composed of two elementary items.
SQL statement	CN	CN

Legend:

CN: Cannot be coded.

L2: Level number 02-49

L3 and L4: Level number 03-49

m: Maximum number of repetition column elements (2-30000)

n: Length (bytes)

p: Precision (total number of digits)

s: Scale (number of digits beyond the decimal point)

Notes

1. The value of elementary-item-name-1 must be the current element count.
2. The values of elementary-item-name-2 and group-item-name-2 must be specified as the value of each repetition element.
3. elementary-item-name-1 of the indicator variable must be specified as the indicator of the entire repetition column.
4. elementary-item-name-2 of the indicator variable must be specified as the indicator of each repetition column element.

¹ This item can be defined using 9 in place of X. If 9 is used for definition, the operation when a character string containing a character other than a number is substituted or received as the retrieval result depends on the installed COBOL compiler.

² Do not use 9 for X during definition, although using 9 does not result in an error during preprocessing.

³ The range depends on the specifications of the COBOL compiler. For example, for COBOL85, the range is 1 p 18.