Nonstop Database, HiRDB Version 9 System Operation Guide
The operating procedures for the items in the following subsections depend on whether you are using the system switchover facility.
The following table describes the commands to be executed when starting HiRDB.
Table 26-52 Commands to be executed when starting HiRDB (when using the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility)
Objective | Command to execute | Remarks |
---|---|---|
Starting the regular unit | pdstart -q | Started when the regular unit is stopped. |
Starting the accepting unit | pdstart -q | Guest BESs in the accepting unit are also started at the same time. |
Starting the host BES or starting the guest BES | pdstart -u -s | If a guest BES is stopped, it is placed in accepting status. HiRDB starts automatically, so you do not normally need to use this command. Use this command only when a back-end server or its standby server was stopped explicitly. |
The following table lists and describes the method for starting the entire system.
Table 26-53 Startup method for the entire system
Input location | Command | Operation |
---|---|---|
Unit where the system manager is defined | pdstart | Starts the entire system. |
The following explains the process of starting the entire system:
The figure below shows an example of starting the entire system when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
To start the entire system, enter the pdstart command from the unit where the system manager is defined, as is the case when the standby system switchover facility is used. The guest BESs in each unit are placed in accepting status automatically.
Figure 26-101 Example of starting the entire system when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
The table below lists the system startup operations. When system startup is complete, the KFPS05210-I message is output.
Table 26-54 System startup operations
Start type | If standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is applicable to the unit | |
---|---|---|
No | Yes | |
System startup | Starts all units (All servers start). |
Starts all servers (Not all units start). |
Solo-startup of the unit where the system manager is defined (after abnormal termination of the unit where the system manager is defined) |
Starts one front-end server, one dictionary server, and one back-end server. | Starts one front-end server, one dictionary server, and one back-end server. |
Solo-startup of a unit in an HA group | -- | -- |
Solo-startup of other units | -- | -- |
The following table describes how to start a unit.
Table 26-55 Unit startup method
Input location | Command | Option | Operation | |
---|---|---|---|---|
-q | -u | |||
Unit where the system manager is defined | pdstart | No | Yes | Starts the target unit. |
Yes | No | |||
Target unit | pdstart | Yes | No |
Startup modes for units
The table below lists the unit startup modes. Whether a unit is to be started normally or restarted is determined exclusively by the unit's previous termination mode. It is not affected by the presence or absence of a host BES or guest BES that starts, or by normal start or restart of the server that starts.
Table 26-56 Unit startup modes
Unit's previous termination mode | Host BES or guest BES | Unit startup mode | |
---|---|---|---|
Startup of start server | Startup of restart server during startup of start server | ||
Normal stop | No | No | Normal start |
Yes | No | ||
Yes | Yes | ||
Planned stop, forced termination, or abnormal termination | No | No | Restart |
Yes | No | ||
Yes | Yes |
When the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used, determination and processing of restart or normal start is executed for each user server. Therefore, the unit can start normally, even when another server in the unit has been forcibly or abnormally terminated or is running on another unit in the HA group.
Also when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used, a unit is restarted after it has been forcibly or abnormally terminated. Because restart processing is executed for each user server, there is no resource (database) to be restored for the unit itself. However, as usual, the operations during unit restart are different from those during a normal start, as described in the following table.
Table 26-57 Significance of unit restart
Item | Content |
---|---|
Configuration modification check | Checks for definition modifications that increase system resources (such as shared memory) to eliminate the risk of a restart failure (the number of guest BESs that can be accepted can be changed). |
System startup completion check | If there is one front-end server, one dictionary server, and one back-end server available during the restart of the unit where the system manager is defined, system startup is considered complete and service begins. During normal startup of the unit where the system manager is defined, the system waits for all servers to finish starting. However, during a restart of the unit where the system manager is defined, the number of servers to wait for is reduced, resulting in an earlier resumption of service acceptance. |
Unit run ID inheritance | Unit run ID is inherited before the unit stops. It is used as the reference for output of the KFPS01826-I message during unit startup and for regular and automatic execution of pdcspool. |
Unit startup example
The figure below shows an example of unit startup when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used. Start the unit as follows:
As the unit starts, the system changes the status of the following guest BESs:
Figure 26-102 Unit startup example when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
Unit startup example when there is no running system back-end server
The figure below shows an example of starting a unit that has no running system back-end server when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
The following methods are available for starting the unit:
As the unit starts, the system changes the status of the guest BESs in the unit (Automatic status change 1 in the figure).
Figure 26-103 Example of starting a unit that has no running system back-end server when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
You can determine unit startup completion based on the output of the KFPS05110-I message:
The following table describes how to start a server.
Table 26-58 Startup method for a server
Input location | Command | Option | Operation | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
-q | -u | -s | |||
Unit where the system manager is defined | pdstart | No | No | Yes | Starts the target servers in all active units in an HA group#1 |
Yes | No | Yes | Starts the host BES (-u can be omitted)#2 |
The following table lists the processing results during server startup depending on the cluster software product that is used.
Table 26-59 Processing results during server startup
Cluster software product | Server type | Other units while the applicable server is active | Activation on the applicable host#3 | Server startup result |
---|---|---|---|---|
HA Monitor | Host BES | No | -- | Active |
Yes | -- | Accepting | ||
Guest BES | No | -- | Waits for running system to start#1 | |
Yes | -- | Accepting | ||
Hitachi HA Toolkit Extension | -- | No | Yes | Active#2 |
No | Accepting | |||
Yes | Yes | -- | ||
No | Accepting |
Server startup example
The figure below shows an example of starting a running system server when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
The following method is available for starting the running system server:
As the server starts, the system changes the status of the guest BESs corresponding to the server (Automatic status change in the figure).
To check whether the server is the running system, use the pdls -d ha command.
Figure 26-104 Example of starting a running system server when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
The figure below shows an example of starting a standby system server when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
The following method is available for starting a standby system server:
The specified host BES is placed in accepting status. To check whether the server is the running system, use the pdls -d ha command.
Figure 26-105 Example of starting a standby system server when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
The figure below shows an example of a guest server status change when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
The following method is available to place a unit's guest server in accepting status:
The specified guest BES is placed in accepting status.
Figure 26-106 Status change example of a guest server when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
Table 26-60 Procedure to perform when HiRDB is started without activating the service process for Hitachi HA Toolkit Extension
Condition | Procedure |
---|---|
Unit for which the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is applied | Servers in both the running system and the standby system are placed in standby status and can be operated by the user. Neither system is terminated abnormally. In this case, you can activate the cluster software on the host on which the server becomes the running system and complete the startup process (start the service process of HA Toolkit Extension). |
This subsection explains how to terminate both the running system and the standby system.
The following table describes how to stop the entire system when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
Table 26-61 Stopping the entire system when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
Input location | Command | Option | Condition | Operation |
---|---|---|---|---|
-f | Forcibly/abnormally terminated server? | |||
Unit where system manager is defined | pdstop | No | Yes#1 | Error (a message, such as KFPS05063-E) is output. |
No | No#2 | Stops the system. | ||
Yes | Yes | Forcibly stops the system (some units are already stopped). | ||
Yes | No | Forcibly stops the system. |
The following table describes the processing that occurs during system termination.
Table 26-62 Processing that occurs during system termination
Target | Processing detail |
---|---|
Unit | While the system is being stopped, the system manager stops all units (by executing pdstop -u UID (-f) or its equivalent). |
Server | When a unit is stopped while the system is being stopped, the system stops all host BESs and guest BESs at that unit (by executing pdstop -q -s server-name (-f) or its equivalent). |
When the system is stopped, the accepting status for guest BESs at an accepting unit is canceled automatically, regardless of whether the system is being terminated forcibly or normally. This cancellation occurs, even if a guest BES is active. For this reason, you need not take any action with regard to guest BESs.
The following table describes the processing for the various back-end servers during system termination when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
Table 26-63 Processing that occurs for the various back-end servers during system termination when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
Back-end server's status | Processing | |
---|---|---|
Host BES | Running | Stops. |
Accepting status | Cancels the accepting status automatically. | |
Guest BES | Running | Stops automatically. |
Accepting status | Cancels the accepting status automatically. |
The figure below shows an example of system termination. In this example, stopping the system stops the following servers:
Additionally, the accepting status for the following servers is canceled:
Figure 26-107 System termination example
The following table describes how to stop a unit when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
Table 26-64 Stopping a unit when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
Input location | Command | Option | Operation | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
-z | -u | -f | |||
Unit where system manager is defined | pdstop | No | Yes | No | Stops the target unit normally. |
Yes | Forcibly stops the target unit. | ||||
Target unit | pdstop | Yes | No | No | Forcibly stops the target unit. |
To stop a unit, stop all host BESs and guest BESs at the unit (by executing pdstop -q -s server-name (-f) or its equivalent).
The table below indicates whether a unit can be stopped normally, depending on the status of servers in the unit. When the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used, a unit can be stopped normally, regardless of whether any of its servers, host BESs or guest BESs, have stopped abnormally by themselves or have been forcibly stopped.
Table 26-65 Whether a unit can be stopped normally depending on the status of servers in the unit
Server status (both BESs and guest BESs) | Can the unit be stopped normally? | ||
---|---|---|---|
Starting/stopping#1 | On standby | Stopped#2 | Standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility |
No | No | No | Yes |
Yes | Yes | ||
Yes | No | Yes | |
Yes | Yes | ||
Yes | No | No | No |
Yes | No | ||
Yes | No | No | |
Yes | No |
The following table describes the processing for the various back-end servers during unit termination when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is being used.
Table 26-66 Processing that occurs for the various back-end servers during unit termination when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
Running location | Back-end server status | Processing |
---|---|---|
Unit being stopped | Running | Stops. |
Accepting status | Cancels the accepting status. | |
Other unit | Running | No change. |
Accepting status | Cancels the accepting status automatically. |
Figure 26-108 Example of stopping a unit during normal operation
Figure 26-109 Example of stopping a unit that has accepted a guest BES
Figure 26-110 Example of stopping a unit in which only a guest BES is running
The following table describes how to stop a server when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is being used.
Table 26-67 Stopping a server when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
Input location | Command | Option | Operation | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
-z | -u | -s | -f | |||
Unit where system manager is defined | pdstop | No | No | Yes | No | Stops the target server#2. |
Yes | Forcibly terminates the target servers in all active units in the HA group#1. | |||||
Yes | Yes | No | Stops the target server#2, #3. | |||
Yes | Forcibly stops the target server#2 | |||||
Target unit | pdstop | Yes | No | Yes | No | Forcibly stops the target server (host BES)#4. |
Table 26-68 Server termination results depending on the server status
Server status | Start result |
---|---|
Waiting for the running system to start | Cancels the wait for the running system to start. |
Accepting status | Cancels the accepting status. |
Active | Stops the server. |
The following table describes the processing for the various back-end servers during server termination when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
Table 26-69 Processing that occurs for the various back-end servers during server termination when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
Running location | Back-end server status | Processing |
---|---|---|
Active unit | Operation target | Stops. |
Other units | Accepting status | Cancels the accepting status. |
Figure 26-111 Example of stopping a host BES
Figure 26-112 Example of stopping a guest BES
This subsection explains how to stop only the standby system.
As when using the standby system switchover facility or the standby-less system switchover (1:1) facility, the monsbystp command of HA Monitor can be used to stop the standby system. When the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used, you can also perform the operation from the unit where the system manager is defined.
The following table describes how to terminate the standby system when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
Table 26-70 Terminating the standby system when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
Input location | Command | Operation target | Operation |
---|---|---|---|
Host where the operation-target server is located | monsbystp# | Back-end server in accepting status | Cancels the accepting status for a guest BES. |
Unit where system manager is defined | pdstop -u -s |
The following figure shows an example of canceling the accepting status for a guest BES.
Figure 26-113 Example of canceling the accepting status for a guest BES
To cancel the accepting status for a guest BES, enter HA Monitor's monsbystp command. If you are using Hitachi HA Toolkit Extension, enter the hatesbystp command.
The following figure shows an example of stopping a host BES of the standby system.
Figure 26-114 Example of stopping a host BES of the standby system
To stop a host BES of the standby system, enter HA Monitor's monsbystp command. If you are using Hitachi HA Toolkit Extension, enter the hatesbystp command.
The following table describes how to check the operating status of units and servers when a system switchover facility is used.
Table 26-71 Checking the operating status of units and servers when a system switchover facility is used
Command | Output information |
---|---|
pdls -d svr |
|
The following table describes how to check the system status when a system switchover facility is used.
Table 26-72 Checking the system status when a system switchover facility is used
Command | Output information |
---|---|
pdls -d ha |
|
monshow (only when HA Monitor is used) |
|
hateshow (only when Hitachi HA Toolkit Extension is used) |
|
The statistics log files are the two files pdstj1 and pdstj2. These files are created as a set for the primary HiRDB system. Because the accepting unit's statistics log files are shared at the switching destination, no files are created for the secondary system. The HiRDB administrator must prepare files for the regular unit and for the accepting unit.
When a system switchover occurs, the statistics log files to be used by the switching-destination host are the files being used by the accepting unit at the switching destination. Because statistics log output destination files are distributed to each host, unload statistics log files must be created on a specific server machine.
Unload statistics log files are created at the following times:
The following figure shows examples of unload statistics log files created when a system switchover facility is used (standby-less system switchover (effects distributed)).
Figure 26-115 Examples of unload statistics log files created when a system switchover facility is used (standby-less system switchover (effects distributed))
When a system switchover occurs, the statistics log collection status that existed immediately before the system switchover is inherited. That is, if statistics logs were being collected before the system switchover, statistics logs will continue to be collected at the switched server after the system switchover, regardless of the value specified in the pd_statistics operand of the system common definition. In this case, the statistics log files are shared with the accepting unit at the switching destination. If statistics logs were not being collected immediately before the system switchover, no statistics logs will be collected after the system switchover. You can begin collecting statistics logs by entering the pdstbegin command after switchover.
The following table indicates whether statistics logs are collected when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
Table 26-73 Statistics log collection when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
Unit type | Whether logs were collected | Accepting unit |
---|---|---|
Regular unit | Logs were being collected. | Collects logs. |
Logs were not being collected. | Does not collect logs. |
The following figure shows an example of statistics log collection after a system switchover when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used.
Figure 26-116 Example of statistics log collection after a system switchover when the standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility is used
The statistics analysis utility is executed using the unload statistics log files created at the regular unit and the accepting unit as the input information. To manually copy the files that existed prior to a system switchover you must use, for example, an OS command. The statistics information on the server that was switched is processed as information on a server belonging to the accepting unit.
If a system switchover occurs because of an error, the statistics log information immediately prior to the system switchover is not acquired correctly in the file. For this reason, the execution results of the statistics analysis utility might not be accurate if they are used for tuning or other such activities.
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