Preface

This manual describes the syntax of the commands used with HiRDB Scalable Database Server HiRDB Version 8.

Intended readers

This manual is intended for users who will be constructing or operating HiRDB Version 8 ("HiRDB") relational database systems.

It is assumed that readers of this manual have the following:

The following manuals should be read before reading this manual:

Organization of this manual

This manual consists of the following 18 chapters and appendixes:

Chapter 1. Overview of Commands
Chapter 1 explains the methods of entering commands and the descriptive format for commands.
Chapter 2. Operation Commands
Chapter 2 explains the operation commands that can be used with HiRDB.
Chapter 3. Database Initialization Utility (pdinit)
Chapter 3 describes the database initialization utility that defines a physical structure that, in turn, permits files to be used as a HiRDB database.
Chapter 4. Database Definition Utility (pddef)
Chapter 4 describes the database definition utility that permits modifications of schema definitions and contents.
Chapter 5. Database Load Utility (pdload)
Chapter 5 describes the database load utility that stores user-provided data in a table.
Chapter 6. Interactive SQL Execution Utility (pdsql)
Chapter 6 explains the interactive SQL execution utility that can interactively execute SQL statements.
Chapter 7. Database Structure Modification Utility (pdmod)
Chapter 7 explains the database structure modification utility that can modify the physical structure of a database, such as by adding an RDAREA, expanding the database, or reinitializing the database.
Chapter 8. Database Reorganization Utility (pdrorg)
Chapter 8 explains the database reorganization utility for maintaining tables and indexes.
Chapter 9. Dictionary Import/Export Utility (pdexp)
Chapter 9 explains the dictionary import/export utility that migrates table definition information and stored procedure information between HiRDB systems.
Chapter 10. Rebalancing Utility (pdrbal)
Chapter 10 explains the rebalancing utility that rebalances a table partitioned by the hash partitioning method.
Chapter 11. Free Page Release Utility (pdreclaim)
Chapter 11 explains the free page release utility that enables you to release free pages (used free pages) during online operation.
Chapter 12. Global Buffer Residence Utility (pdpgbfon)
Chapter 12 explains the global buffer residence utility that reads table data pages and index pages into a global buffer in advance, such as immediately following HiRDB startup or before starting online jobs.
Chapter 13. Integrity Check Utility (pdconstck)
Chapter 13 explains the integrity check utility (pdconstck), which performs integrity checking and manipulates (sets or releases) the check pending status on tables for which referential constraints or check constraints have been defined.
Chapter 14. Statistics Analysis Utility (pdstedit)
Chapter 14 explains the statistics analysis utility that edits statistical information, such as information about HiRDB system activities.
Chapter 15. Database Condition Analysis Utility (pddbst)
Chapter 15 explains the database condition analysis utility, which analyzes the relationship between data dictionary tables or user RDAREAs and the storage status of the index, and summarizes and displays the results of the analysis.
Chapter 16. Optimizing Information Collection Utility (pdgetcst)
Chapter 16 explains the optimizing information collection utility, which collects information for optimizing based on cost and stores the information in the dictionary table.
Chapter 17. Access Path Display Utility (pdvwopt)
Chapter 17 explains the access path display utility, which displays access path information that was determined by the SQL optimization processing.
Chapter 18. Database Copy Utility (pdcopy)
Chapter 18 explains how to use the database copy utility (pdcopy), which makes a backup of a database.
Chapter 19. Database Recovery Utility (pdrstr)
Chapter 19 explains how to use the database recovery utility, which is used to recover databases and re-create log point information files.
Chapter 20. Registry Facility Initialization Utility (pdreginit)
Chapter 20 explains the registry facility initialization utility, which can be used to register the registry facility for using plug-in utilities.
Appendix A. List of Commands
Appendix A provides a list of operation commands and utilities.
Appendix B. Lock Mode During Command Execution
Appendix B describes the resources that are locked while an operation command or utility is executing.
Appendix C. RDAREA Status During Command Execution
Appendix C describes the RDAREA statuses during execution of commands.
Appendix D. Maximum Number of Concurrently Executable Utilities
Appendix D describes the maximum number of utilities that can be executed concurrently.
Appendix E. Creation of Input Data Files for the Database Load Utility
Appendix E explains the creation of data files that can be input to the database load utility (pdload).
Appendix F. Creation of a UOC for Use by pdload and pdrorg
Appendix F explains the creation of a UOC for use by pdload and pdrorg.
Appendix G. Number of Concurrent Command Connections
Appendix G explains the number of concurrent command connections.
Appendix H. List of Command Return Codes
Appendix H explains the return codes from commands.

Related publications

This manual is related to the following manuals, which should be read as required.

HiRDB (for UNIX)
HiRDB (for Windows)
HiRDB (for both Windows and UNIX)

* This manual has been published in Japanese only; it is not available in English.

You must use the UNIX or the Windows manuals, as appropriate to the platform you are using.

Others

Organization of HiRDB manuals

The HiRDB manuals are organized as shown below. For the most efficient use of these manuals, it is suggested that they be read in the order they are shown, going from left to right.

[Figure]

Conventions: Abbreviations

Unless otherwise required, this manual uses the following abbreviations for product and other names.

Name of product or other entityRepresentation
HiRDB/Single Server Version 8HiRDB/Single ServerHiRDB or HiRDB Server
HiRDB/Single Server Version 8(64)
HiRDB/Parallel Server Version 8HiRDB/Parallel Server
HiRDB/Parallel Server Version 8(64)
HiRDB/Developer's Kit Version 8HiRDB/Developer's KitHiRDB Client
HiRDB/Developer's Kit Version 8(64)
HiRDB/Run Time Version 8HiRDB/Run Time
HiRDB/Run Time Version 8(64)
HiRDB Datareplicator Version 7HiRDB Datareplicator
HiRDB Dataextractor Version 7HiRDB Dataextractor
HiRDB Text Search Plug-in Version 7HiRDB Text Search Plug-in
HiRDB Spatial Search Plug-in Version 3HiRDB Spatial Search Plug-in
HiRDB Staticizer Option Version 8HiRDB Staticizer Option
HiRDB LDAP Option Version 8HiRDB LDAP Option
HiRDB Advanced Partitioning Option Version 8HiRDB Advanced Partitioning Option
HiRDB Advanced High Availability Version 8HiRDB Advanced High Availability
HiRDB Non Recover Front End Server Version 8HiRDB Non Recover FES
HiRDB Disaster Recovery Light Edition Version 8HiRDB Disaster Recovery Light Edition
HiRDB External Data Access Version 8HiRDB External Data Access
HiRDB External Data Access Adapter Version 8HiRDB External Data Access Adapter
HiRDB Adapter for XML - Standard EditionHiRDB Adapter for XML
HiRDB Adapter for XML - Enterprise Edition
HiRDB Control ManagerHiRDB CM
HiRDB Control Manager AgentHiRDB CM Agent
Hitachi TrueCopyTrueCopy
Hitachi TrueCopy basic
TrueCopy
TrueCopy remote replicator
JP1/Automatic Job Management System 2JP1/AJS2
JP1/Automatic Job Management System 2 - Scenario OperationJP1/AJS2-SO
JP1/Cm2/Extensible SNMP AgentJP1/ESA
JP1/Cm2/Extensible SNMP Agent for Mib Runtime
JP1/Cm2/Network Node ManagerJP1/NNM
JP1/Integrated Management - ManagerJP1/Integrated Management or JP1/IM
JP1/Integrated Management - View
JP1/Magnetic Tape AccessEasyMT
EasyMT
JP1/Magnetic Tape LibraryMTguide
JP1/NETM/DMJP1/NETM/DM
JP1/NETM/DM Manager
JP1/Performance ManagementJP1/PFM
JP1/Performance Management Agent for HiRDBJP1/PFM-Agent for HiRDB
JP1/Performance Management - Agent for PlatformJP1/PFM-Agent for Platform
JP1/Performance Management/SNMP System ObserverJP1/SSO
JP1/VERITAS NetBackup BS v4.5NetBackup
JP1/VERITAS NetBackup v4.5
JP1/VERITAS NetBackup BS V4.5 Agent for HiRDB LicenseJP1/VERITAS NetBackup Agent for HiRDB License
JP1/VERITAS NetBackup V4.5 Agent for HiRDB License
JP1/VERITAS NetBackup 5 Agent for HiRDB License
OpenTP1/Server Base Enterprise OptionTP1/EE
Virtual-storage Operating System 3/Forefront System ProductVOS3/FSVOS3
Virtual-storage Operating System 3/Leading System ProductVOS3/LS
Extensible Data Manager/Base Extended Version 2
XDM basic program XDM/BASE E2
XDM/BASE E2
XDM/Data Communication and Control Manager 3
XDM Data communication control XDM/DCCM3
XDM/DCCM3
XDM/Relational Database XDM/RDXDM/RDXDM/RD
XDM/Relational Database Extended Version 2
XDM/RD E2
XDM/RD E2
VOS3 Database Connection ServerDB Connection Server
DB2 Universal Database for OS/390 Version 6DB2
DNCWARE ClusterPerfect (Linux Version)ClusterPerfect
Microsoft(R) ExcelMicrosoft Excel or Excel
Microsoft(R) Visual C++(R)Visual C++ or C++
Oracle 8iORACLE
Oracle 9i
Oracle 10g
Sun JavaTM System Directory ServerSun Java System Directory Server or Directory Server
HP-UX 11i V2 (IPF)HP-UX or HP-UX (IPF)
Red Hat LinuxLinux
Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 3 (IPF)Linux (IPF)Linux
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 4 (IPF)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 3(AMD64 & Intel EM64T)Linux (EM64T)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 4(AMD64 & Intel EM64T)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 4(AMD64 & Intel EM64T)
turbolinux 7 Server for AP8000Linux for AP8000
Microsoft(R) Windows NT(R) Workstation Operating System Version 4.0Windows NT
Microsoft(R) Windows NT(R) Server Network Operating System Version 4.0
Microsoft(R) Windows(R) 2000 Professional Operating SystemWindows 2000
Microsoft(R) Windows(R) 2000 Server Operating System
Microsoft(R) Windows(R) 2000 Datacenter Server Operating System
Microsoft(R) Windows(R) 2000 Advanced Server Operating SystemWindows 2000 or Windows 2000 Advanced Server
Microsoft(R) Windows ServerTM 2003, Standard EditionWindows Server 2003
Microsoft(R) Windows ServerTM 2003, Enterprise Edition
Microsoft(R) Windows ServerTM 2003 R2, Standard EditionWindows Server 2003 R2 or Windows Server 2003
Microsoft(R) Windows ServerTM 2003 R2, Enterprise Edition
64 bit Version Microsoft(R) Windows ServerTM 2003, Enterprise Edition (IPF)Windows Server 2003 (IPF) or Windows Server 2003
Microsoft(R) Windows ServerTM 2003, Standard x64 EditionWindows Server 2003 or Windows Server 2003 x64 EditionsWindows (x64)
Microsoft(R) Windows ServerTM 2003, Enterprise x64 Edition
Microsoft(R) Windows ServerTM 2003 R2, Standard x64 EditionWindows Server 2003, Windows Server 2003 R2 or Windows Server 2003 x64 Editions
Microsoft(R) Windows ServerTM 2003 R2, Enterprise x64 Edition
Microsoft(R) Windows(R) XP Professional x64 EditionWindows XP or Windows XP x64 Edition
Microsoft(R) Windows(R) XP Professional Operating SystemWindows XP ProfessionalWindows XP
Microsoft(R) Windows(R) XP Home Edition Operating SystemWindows XP Home Edition
Single serverSDS
System managerMGR
Front-end serverFES
Dictionary serverDS
Back-end serverBES

This manual also uses the following abbreviations:

AbbreviationFull name or meaning
ACKAcknowledgement
ADMAdaptable Data Manager
ADOActiveX Data Objects
ADTAbstract Data Type
APApplication Program
APIApplication Programming Interface
ASN.1Abstract Syntax Notation One
BESBack End Server
BLOBBinary Large Object
BOMByte Order Mark
CD-ROMCompact Disc - Read Only Memory
CGICommon Gateway Interface
CLOBCharacter Large Object
CMTCassette Magnetic Tape
COBOLCommon Business Oriented Language
CORBA(R)Common ORB Architecture
CPUCentral Processing Unit
CSVComma Separated Values
DAOData Access Object
DATDigital Audio Taperecorder
DBDatabase
DBMDatabase Module
DBMSDatabase Management System
DDLData Definition Language
DF for Windows NTDistributing Facility for Windows NT
DF/UXDistributing Facility/for UNIX
DICDictionary Server
DLTDigital Linear Tape
DMLData Manipulate Language
DNSDomain Name System
DOMDocument Object Model
DSDictionary Server
DTDDocument Type Definition
DTPDistributed Transaction Processing
DWHData Warehouse
EUCExtended UNIX Code
EXExclusive
FATFile Allocation Table
FDFloppy Disk
FESFront End Server
FQDNFully Qualified Domain Name
FTPFile Transfer Protocol
GUIGraphical User Interface
HBAHost Bus Adapter
HDHard Disk
HTMLHyper Text Markup Language
IDIdentification number
IPInternet Protocol
IPFItanium(R) Processor Family
JARJava Archive File
Java VMJava Virtual Machine
JDBCJava Database Connectivity
JDKJava Developer's Kit
JFSJournaled File System
JFS2Enhanced Journaled File System
JISJapanese Industrial Standard code
JP1Job Management Partner 1
JREJava Runtime Environment
JTAJava Transaction API
JTSJava Transaction Service
KEISKanji processing Extended Information System
LANLocal Area Network
LDAPLightweight Directory Access Protocol
LIPloop initialization process
LOBLarge Object
LRULeast Recently Used
LTOLinear Tape-Open
LULogical Unit
LUNLogical Unit Number
LVMLogical Volume Manager
MGRSystem Manager
MIBManagement Information Base
MRCFMultiple RAID Coupling Feature
MSCSMicrosoft Cluster Server
NAFONetwork Adapter Fail Over
NAPTNetwork Address Port Translation
NATNetwork Address Translation
NICNetwork Interface Card
NISNetwork Information Service
NTFSNew Technology File System
ODBCOpen Database Connectivity
OLAPOnline Analytical Processing
OLEObject Linking and Embedding
OLTPOn-Line Transaction Processing
OOCOBOLObject Oriented COBOL
ORBObject Request Broker
OSOperating System
OSIOpen Systems Interconnection
OTSObject Transaction Service
PCPersonal Computer
PDM II E2Practical Data Manager II Extended Version 2
PICPlug-in Code
PNMPublic Network Management
POSIXPortable Operating System Interface for UNIX
PPProgram Product
PRProtected Retrieve
PUProtected Update
RAIDRedundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disk
RDRelational Database
RDBRelational Database
RDB1Relational Database Manager 1
RDB1 E2Relational Database Manager 1 Extended Version 2
RDORemote Data Objects
RiSeReal time SAN replication
RMResource Manager
RMMResource Manager Monitor
RPCRemote Procedure Call
SAXSimple API for XML
SDSSingle Database Server
SGMLStandard Generalized Markup Language
SJISShift JIS
SNMPSimple Network Management Protocol
SQLStructured Query Language
SQL/KStructured Query Language / VOS K
SRShared Retrieve
SUShared Update
TCP/IPTransmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
TMTransaction Manager
TMS-4V/SPTransaction Management System - 4V / System Product
UAPUser Application Program
UOCUser Own Coding
VOS KVirtual-storage Operating System Kindness
VOS1Virtual-storage Operating System 1
VOS3Virtual-storage Operating System 3
WSWorkstation
WWWWorld Wide Web
XDM/BASE E2Extensible Data Manager / Base Extended Version 2
XDM/DFExtensible Data Manager / Distributing Facility
XDM/DSExtensible Data Manager / Data Spreader
XDM/RD E2Extensible Data Manager / Relational Database Extended Version 2
XDM/SD E2Extensible Data Manager / Structured Database Extended Version 2
XDM/XTExtensible Data Manager / Data Extract
XFITExtended File Transmission program
XMLExtensible Markup Language

Log representations

The OS log is referred to generically as syslogfile. syslogfile is the log output destination specified in /etc/syslog.conf. Typically, the following files are specified as syslogfile.

OSFile
HP-UX/var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
Solaris/var/adm/messages or /var/log/syslog
AIX 5L/var/adm/ras/syslog
Linux/var/log/messages

Conventions: Diagrams

This manual uses the following conventions in diagrams:

[Figure]

Conventions: Fonts and symbols

Font and symbol conventions are classified as:

These conventions are described below.

General font conventions

The following table lists the general font conventions:

FontConvention
BoldBold type indicates text on a window, other than the window title. Such text includes menus, menu options, buttons, radio box options, or explanatory labels. For example, bold is used in sentences such as the following:
  • From the File menu, choose Open.
  • Click the Cancel button.
  • In the Enter name entry box, type your name.
ItalicsItalics are used to indicate a placeholder for some actual text provided by the user or system. Italics are also used for emphasis. For example:
  • Write the command as follows:
    copy source-file target-file
  • Do not delete the configuration file.
Code fontA code font indicates text that the user enters without change, or text (such as messages) output by the system. For example:
  • At the prompt, enter dir.
  • Use the send command to send mail.
  • The following message is displayed:
    The password is incorrect.

Examples of coding and messages appear as follows (although there may be some exceptions, such as when coding is included in a diagram):

MakeDatabase
...
StoreDatabase temp DB32

In examples of coding, an ellipsis (...) indicates that one or more lines of coding are not shown for purposes of brevity.

Conventions in syntax explanations

Syntax definitions appear as follows:

StoreDatabase [temp|perm] (database-name ...)

The following table lists the conventions used in syntax explanations. The syntactical characters described below are used to provide a clear explanation of code syntax; you do not actually enter these characters.

Example font or symbolConvention
StoreDatabaseCode-font characters must be entered exactly as shown.
database-nameThis font style marks a placeholder that indicates where appropriate characters are to be entered in an actual command.
SDBold code-font characters indicate the abbreviation for a command.
permUnderlined characters indicate the default value.
[ ]Square brackets enclose an item or set of items whose specification is optional.
|Only one of the options separated by a vertical bar can be specified at the same time.
...An ellipsis (...) indicates that the item or items enclosed in ( ) or [ ] immediately preceding the ellipsis may be specified as many times as necessary.
()Parentheses indicate the range of items to which the vertical bar (|) or ellipsis (...) is applicable.
[Figure]The user-specified value preceding the swung dash must be specified in accordance with the attributes following the swung dash.
<< >>Double angle brackets enclose the default value assumed by the system when the specification is omitted.
< >Angle brackets enclose the syntax element notation for a user-specified value.
(( ))Double parentheses enclose the permitted range of values that can be specified.

Syntax element notations

Syntax element notations explain the types of user-specified values.

Syntax element notationExplanation
<alphabetic>Alphabetic characters (A-Z, a-z) and _ (underline)
<alphabetic symbol>Alphabetic characters (A-Z, a-z), #, @, \
<alphanumeric>Alphabetic characters and numeric characters (0-9)
<alphanumeric symbol>Alphabetic symbols and numeric characters
<unsigned integer>Numeric characters
<hexadecimal>Numeric characters and (A-F, a-f)
<identifier>1Alphanumeric character string beginning with an alphabetic character
<symbolic name>Alphanumeric symbol string beginning with an alphabetic symbol
<character string>String of any characters
<path name>2Includes symbolic names, forward slashes (/), and periods (.).
<HiRDB file name>Character string consisting of alphabetic characters (A-Z, a-z), numeric characters (0-9), . (period), _ (underline), and @ (maximum 30 characters)
Note
Alphabetic characters are case sensitive (i.e., lowercase alphabetic characters are distinguished from uppercase alphabetic characters).
1 An RDAREA name is an alphanumeric character string beginning with an alphabetic character or special character, and can include alphanumeric characters, underscores (_), and spaces. If an RDAREA name includes a space, the entire name must be enclosed in double quotation marks (").
A host name is a character string that can include alphabetic characters (A to Z, a to z), numeric characters, periods (.), hyphens (-), and underscores (_). A host name can begin with a numeric character.
2 Path names depend on the operating system being used. The backslash (\) must not be used in a HiRDB file system area name.

Notations used in formulas

The following notations are used in computational expressions:

NotationExplanation
[Figure][Figure]Round up the result to the next integer.
Example: The result of [Figure] 34 [Figure] 3 [Figure] is 12.
[Figure][Figure]Discard digits following the decimal point.
Example: The result of [Figure] 34 [Figure] 3 [Figure] is 11.
MAXSelect the largest value as the result.
Example: The result of max(10, 2 [Figure] 4, 3 + 8) is 11.
MINSelect the smallest value as the result.
Example: The result of min(10, 2 [Figure] 4, 3 + 8) is 8.

Conventions in command explanations

This manual explains each command in the format shown as follows; note that this format may differ slightly from one command to another:

[Figure]

Conventions: KB, MB, GB, and TB

This manual uses the following conventions:

Conventions: Version numbers

The version numbers of Hitachi program products are usually written as two sets of two digits each, separated by a hyphen. For example:

The version number might be shown on the spine of a manual as Ver. 2.00, but the same version number would be written in the program as 02-00.

Important notes on this manual

The following facilities are explained, but they are not supported:

The following products and option program products are explained, but they are not supported:

Notes on printed manuals

Please note that even though the printed manuals are separated into Part I and Part II, the chapters and page numbers sequentially continue from Part I to Part II. Also, please note that the index is only included in Part II.