
For UNIX Systems
Scalable Database Server
HiRDB Version 8
System Operation Guide
3000-6-354(E)
Contents
- Notices
- Preface
- 1. HiRDB Startup and Termination
- 1.1 Startup
- 1.1.1 Startup modes
- 1.1.2 Server machine where the pdstart command is executed
- 1.1.3 Automatic startup
- 1.1.4 Reduced activation (applicable to HiRDB/Parallel Server only)
- 1.1.5 Example (HiRDB normal startup)
- 1.1.6 Checking for startup completion
- 1.2 Termination
- 1.2.1 Termination modes
- 1.2.2 Server machine where the pdstop command is executed
- 1.2.3 Example (HiRDB normal termination)
- 1.2.4 Terminating HiRDB during OS shutdown
- 1.3 Special startup procedures
- 1.3.1 Startup procedure used to reinitialize a database (pdstart -i)
- 1.3.2 Startup procedure used in the event of an error in the master directory RDAREA (pdstart -r)
- 1.3.3 Startup procedure used when the front-end server is in SUSPEND status due to an error in a data dictionary RDAREA (pdstart -a)
- 1.4 Startup and termination of a unit (applicable to HiRDB/Parallel Server only)
- 1.5 Startup and termination of a server (applicable to HiRDB/Parallel Server only)
- 1.6 Notes on startup
- 1.6.1 Notes on HiRDB startup
- 1.6.2 Notes on forced startup of HiRDB (or a unit)
- 1.6.3 Notes on HiRDB startup processing errors (applicable to HiRDB/Parallel Server only)
- 1.7 Notes on termination
- 1.7.1 Notes on HiRDB termination
- 1.7.2 Notes on planned termination, forced termination, and abnormal termination
- 1.8 Reducing the HiRDB startup processing time
- 2. Security Definition
- 2.1 About security
- 2.2 Setting user privileges
- 2.2.1 Granting the DBA privilege to users who manage user privileges
- 2.2.2 Granting the CONNECT privilege, schema definition privilege, and RDAREA usage privilege to users who create tables
- 2.2.3 Granting CONNECT and access privileges to users who access tables (database)
- 2.3 Revoking user privileges
- 2.4 Setting a referencing privilege for data dictionary tables
- 3. Handling System Log Files
- 3.1 Basics
- 3.2 Unloading the system log
- 3.2.1 HiRDB/Single Server
- 3.2.2 HiRDB/Parallel Server
- 3.3 Operating without unloading the system log
- 3.3.1 HiRDB/Single Server
- 3.3.2 HiRDB/Parallel Server
- 3.4 Releasing checking of unload status
- 3.5 Procedures for manipulating system log files
- 3.5.1 Checking for files in swappable target status
- 3.5.2 When there is no file in swappable target status
- 3.5.3 Unloading the current file
- 3.5.4 Unloading a file in unload completed status
- 3.5.5 When the system log in a file in unload wait status is not needed
- 3.5.6 Changing a file's status
- 3.5.7 Increasing (or reducing) the system log file size during HiRDB operation
- 3.5.8 Adding a new system log file
- 3.5.9 Deleting a system log file
- 3.6 Status changes of system log files
- 3.7 Changing the system log file record length
- 3.7.1 Example 1 (system log unloading operation)
- 3.7.2 Example 2 (operation without unloading the system log)
- 3.8 Using the automatic log unloading facility
- 3.8.1 Overview of automatic log unloading facility
- 3.8.2 Environment setup
- 3.8.3 Application example 1 (using a single directory for unload log files)
- 3.8.4 Application example 2 (using two directories for unload log files)
- 3.8.5 Application example 3 (making a backup)
- 3.8.6 Creating a time series list of unload log files (identifying the unload log files required for database restoration)
- 3.8.7 Error handling
- 3.8.8 Notes on HiRDB termination
- 3.9 Monitoring the free area for system log files
- 3.9.1 What is monitoring the free area for system log files?
- 3.9.2 Environment setting
- 3.9.3 HiRDB processing when the percentage of free area falls below the warning value
- 3.9.4 Tasks performed by the HiRDB administrator when the percentage of free area falls below the warning value
- 3.9.5 Notes
- 3.9.6 Output of status information file for system log files
- 4. Handling Synchronization Point Dump Files
- 4.1 Basics
- 4.2 Setting the synchronization point dump interval
- 4.3 Procedures for manipulating synchronization point dump files
- 4.3.1 When the status of a synchronization point dump file has changed
- 4.3.2 When there are no overwrite enabled files
- 4.3.3 Increasing (or reducing) the synchronization point dump file size during HiRDB operation
- 4.3.4 Changing the file status
- 4.3.5 Adding a new synchronization point dump file
- 4.3.6 Deleting a synchronization point dump file
- 4.3.7 Obtaining the system log file corresponding to a synchronization point dump in file
- 4.3.8 Increasing the number of synchronization point dump file guaranteed-valid generations
- 4.4 Status changes of synchronization point dump files
- 5. Handling Status Files
- 5.1 Basics
- 5.2 Procedures for manipulating status files
- 5.2.1 When status files are swapped
- 5.2.2 When there are no spare files
- 5.2.3 Increasing (or reducing) the status file size during HiRDB operation
- 5.2.4 Changing the file status
- 5.2.5 Changing the current file
- 5.2.6 Adding a new status file
- 5.2.7 Deleting a status file
- 5.2.8 Checking the information in a status file
- 5.3 Status changes of status files
- 6. Backup Procedures
- 6.1 Backup
- 6.1.1 Basics
- 6.1.2 Optional items
- 6.2 Backup acquisition mode
- 6.3 RDAREAs to be backed up together
- 6.4 Examples of backup
- 6.4.1 Example 1 (backing up a system)
- 6.4.2 Example 2 (backing up a system)
- 6.4.3 Example 3 (backing up a system)
- 6.4.4 Example 4 (backing up a unit)
- 6.4.5 Example 5 (backing up a server)
- 6.4.6 Example 6 (Backing up RDAREAs)
- 6.5 Acquiring a differential backup
- 6.5.1 Differential backup facility overview
- 6.5.2 Preparations for using the differential backup facility
- 6.5.3 Examples of using the differential backup facility
- 6.5.4 Creating an accumulation-differential backup
- 6.5.5 Referencing the history file for differential backups
- 6.5.6 Restoring a differential backup management file
- 6.6 Example of shell for backing up after synchronization point dump validation
- 6.7 Backup acquisition using JP1/OmniBack II (applicable to HP-UX only)
- 6.7.1 System configuration example
- 6.7.2 Environment setup
- 6.7.3 Notes on backup acquisition
- 6.7.4 Example 1 (HiRDB/Single Server)
- 6.7.5 Example 2 (HiRDB/Parallel Server)
- 6.8 Backup acquisition using backup-hold (backup without using the pdcopy command)
- 6.8.1 About backup-hold
- 6.8.2 Example 1 (using another product's backup facilities)
- 6.8.3 Example 2 (using the mirror disk facility)
- 6.9 Backup acquisition when the frozen update command (pddbfrz command) is used
- 6.9.1 Operation subject to the frozen update command
- 6.9.2 Operation of the frozen update command (pddbfrz command)
- 6.9.3 Operation example
- 6.9.4 Checking for files with full data pages
- 6.9.5 Manipulating user LOB RDAREAs for which the frozen update command has been executed
- 6.9.6 Relationship between RDAREAs and automatic extensions
- 6.9.7 Notes
- 7. Operation Without Acquiring a Database Update Log
- 7.1 Database update log acquisition modes
- 7.2 Procedure for executing a UAP or utility in the pre-update log acquisition mode
- 7.3 Procedure for executing a UAP or utility in the no-log mode
- 8. Obtaining the System Operating Environment (Monitoring the System Status)
- 8.1 Using the message log to check the system execution status
- 8.1.1 Referencing the message log (message log output destination)
- 8.1.2 Using the message log files
- 8.1.3 Selecting a message log output method (applicable only to a HiRDB/Parallel Server)
- 8.1.4 Suppressing message output to syslogfile
- 8.2 When a UAP or utility execution takes too long
- 8.3 When HiRDB startup or termination processing takes too long
- 8.4 Obtaining RDAREA status
- 8.5 Obtaining shared memory utilization status
- 8.6 In the event of deadlock
- 8.6.1 Basics
- 8.6.2 Deadlock information that is output
- 8.6.3 Timeout information that is output
- 8.6.4 Resource types and resource information
- 8.6.5 Interpreting resource information
- 8.7 In the event of a shortage of locked resources management tables
- 8.8 Monitoring UAP status (skipped effective synchronization point dump monitoring facility)
- 8.9 Output of warning information about the time required for SQL execution (SQL runtime warning output facility)
- 8.9.1 Overview of the SQL runtime warning output facility
- 8.9.2 Using the SQL runtime warning output facility
- 8.9.3 Information output to the SQL runtime warning information file
- 8.9.4 Output of the KFPA20009-W message
- 8.9.5 Notes
- 8.10 Monitoring the execution time of UAPs and utilities (reducing the effects of nonresponding programs)
- 8.11 Monitoring resource utilization factors
- 8.12 Monitoring the status of server processes (message queue monitoring facility)
- 8.13 Monitoring the number of times server processes terminate abnormally (abnormal termination monitoring facility)
- 8.14 Monitoring the memory size of server processes (facility for monitoring the memory size of server processes)
- 9. Modifying the System Operating Environment
- 9.1 Modifying HiRDB system definitions
- 9.2 Modifying HiRDB system definitions while HiRDB is running (system reconfiguration command)
- 9.2.1 Modification procedure
- 9.2.2 Notes on changing operand specification values
- 9.2.3 Notes on executing the system reconfiguration command
- 9.2.4 HiRDB status after the system reconfiguration command has executed
- 9.2.5 Relationship with other facilities
- 9.2.6 Actions to take when an error occurs
- 9.3 Adding, modifying, and deleting global buffers while HiRDB is running (dynamic updating of global buffers)
- 9.3.1 Overview of dynamic updating of global buffers
- 9.3.2 Application examples
- 9.4 Changing the number of server processes
- 9.5 Handling an increase in the number of users
- 9.6 Accommodating clients that cannot connect to HiRDB (connection frame guarantee facility for client groups)
- 9.7 Specifying a range of port numbers for use in communication processing
- 9.8 Changing the host name
- 9.9 Changing the deadlock priority value for commands
- 9.9.1 Deadlock priority value for commands
- 9.9.2 Environment assignment
- 9.9.3 Operation method
- 10. Handling HiRDB File System Areas
- 10.1 Obtaining information about a HiRDB file system area
- 10.2 Creating (initializing) a HiRDB file system area
- 10.3 Backing up a HiRDB file system area
- 10.4 Restoring a HiRDB file system area
- 10.5 Deleting a HiRDB file system area
- 11. Modifying the System Configuration
- 11.1 Adding a unit
- 11.1.1 Adding a unit while HiRDB is running
- 11.1.2 Adding a unit while HiRDB is stopped
- 11.2 Removing a unit
- 11.2.1 Removing a unit while HiRDB is running
- 11.2.2 Removing a unit while HiRDB is stopped
- 11.3 Moving a unit
- 11.3.1 Moving a unit while HiRDB is running
- 11.3.2 Moving a unit while HiRDB is stopped
- 11.4 Adding a server
- 11.4.1 Adding a server while HiRDB is running
- 11.4.2 Adding a server while HiRDB is stopped
- 11.5 Removing a server
- 11.5.1 Removing a server while HiRDB is running
- 11.5.2 Removing a server while HiRDB is stopped
- 11.6 Moving a server
- 11.6.1 Moving a server while HiRDB is running
- 11.6.2 Moving a server while HiRDB is stopped
- 11.7 Migrating a HiRDB/Single Server to a HiRDB/Parallel Server
- 11.7.1 Preparations for migration
- 11.7.2 Migration procedure
- 11.7.3 Points to be noted about migrating multiple user RDAREAs to different back-end servers
- 11.8 Migrating back-end servers for load balancing
- 11.8.1 Back-end server load balancing based on a scenario
- 11.8.2 Prerequisites and conditions for the target jobs
- 11.8.3 Using a scenario
- 11.8.4 Back-end server configuration examples
- 11.8.5 Preparations related to HiRDB
- 11.8.6 Back-end server load balancing performed by the user
- 12. Migrating Resources Between Systems
- 12.1 Migrating a table to another HiRDB system
- 12.1.1 Migrating a table to another HiRDB system
- 12.1.2 Example 1: Migrating a table
- 12.1.3 Example 2: Migrating tables of a schema
- 12.1.4 Example of a control statements file when migrating tables to a different schema
- 12.2 Migrating a stored procedure to another HiRDB system
- 12.2.1 Preparations for migrating a stored procedure to another HiRDB system
- 12.2.2 Example
- 13. Handling Tables
- 13.1 Checking table storage efficiency
- 13.1.1 Executing the database condition analysis utility on a regular basis
- 13.1.2 Messages indicating poor data storage efficiency
- 13.1.3 When expected retrieval performance cannot be achieved
- 13.2 Reorganizing a table
- 13.2.1 Table reorganization
- 13.2.2 Execution units for table reorganization
- 13.2.3 Selecting an update log acquisition mode for a database
- 13.2.4 Before reorganizing a table
- 13.3 Reorganizing a table (examples)
- 13.3.1 Example 1: Reorganizing a table (HiRDB/Single Server)
- 13.3.2 Example 2: Reorganizing a table (HiRDB/Parallel Server)
- 13.3.3 Example 3: Reorganizing an RDAREA
- 13.3.4 Example 4: Reorganizing a schema
- 13.3.5 Example 5: Reorganizing a table in which a LOB column is defined
- 13.3.6 Example 6: Reorganizing data dictionary tables
- 13.3.7 Example 7: Reorganizing in no-log mode
- 13.3.8 Example 8: Reorganizing a table in which an abstract data type is defined
- 13.4 Predicting table reorganization time (facility for predicting reorganization time)
- 13.4.1 Predicting reorganization time
- 13.4.2 Preparations for using the facility for predicting reorganization time
- 13.4.3 Operational flow
- 13.4.4 Notes on using the facility for predicting reorganization time
- 13.4.5 Stopping reorganization time prediction
- 13.4.6 Customizing reorganization time prediction
- 13.5 Deleting data from a table
- 13.6 Adding a column
- 13.6.1 Preparations for adding a column
- 13.6.2 Example 1: Adding a column to a table without the FIX attribute
- 13.6.3 Example 2: Adding a LOB column
- 13.6.4 Example 3: Adding an abstract data type column
- 13.6.5 Example 4: Adding a column to a table with the FIX attribute (unloading in DAT format)
- 13.6.6 Example 5: Adding a column to a table with the FIX attribute (unloading in binary format)
- 13.7 Deleting a column
- 13.7.1 Example: Deleting a column
- 13.8 Modifying a table's definition
- 13.8.1 Example: Changing the data size of a column
- 13.9 Changing a table name or column name
- 13.9.1 Example 1: Changing a table name
- 13.9.2 Example 2: Changing a column name
- 13.10 Increasing the number of table row partitions
- 13.10.1 Example 1: Increasing the number of row partitions in a table with key range partitioning
- 13.10.2 Example 2: Increasing the number of row partitions in a table with flexible hash partitioning
- 13.10.3 Example 3: Increasing the number of row partitions in a table with FIX hash partitioning
- 13.11 Increasing the number of table row partitions (using the hash facility for hash row partitioning)
- 13.11.1 Overview of the hash facility for hash row partitioning
- 13.11.2 Preparations for using the hash facility for hash row partitioning
- 13.11.3 Example: Increasing the number of row partitions in a rebalancing table
- 13.11.4 Using the rebalancing utility (when table rebalancing takes time)
- 13.11.5 Notes on a table with FIX hash partitioning
- 13.12 Changing a table's partitioning storage conditions
- 13.12.1 Purpose of changing partitioning storage conditions
- 13.12.2 Facilities used to change partitioning storage conditions
- 13.12.3 Prerequisites
- 13.12.4 How to change partitioning storage conditions (in the case of boundary value specification)
- 13.12.5 Splitting an RDAREA (in the case of boundary value specification)
- 13.12.6 Combining RDAREAs (in the case of boundary value specification)
- 13.12.7 How to change partitioning storage conditions (in the case of storage condition specification)
- 13.12.8 Splitting an RDAREA (in the case of storage condition specification)
- 13.12.9 Combining RDAREAs (in the case of storage condition specification)
- 13.12.10 Relationship with other facilities
- 13.13 Changing a table's partitioning storage conditions
- 13.13.1 Examples (in the case of boundary value specification)
- 13.13.2 Examples (in the case of storage condition specification)
- 13.13.3 Re-registering the data
- 13.13.4 Reusing RDAREAs
- 13.13.5 Examples of the database reorganization utility and database load utility
- 13.13.6 Splitting or combining a table containing a non-partitioning key index
- 13.13.7 Splitting or combining when an index is incomplete
- 13.13.8 Checking the number of items of data following splitting or combining
- 13.13.9 Operation when an error occurs
- 13.13.10 Handling when referential constraint and check constraint are used
- 13.14 Changing the hash function
- 13.14.1 Example 1: Flexible hash partitioning
- 13.14.2 Example 2: FIX hash partitioning
- 13.15 Changing a table's partitioning definition
- 13.15.1 Example 1 (changing from key range partitioning to hash partitioning and changing the partitioning key column)
- 13.15.2 Example 2 (changing from hash partitioning to key range partitioning)
- 13.15.3 Example 3 (allocating a different RDAREA each month)
- 13.16 Migrating data to another table
- 13.16.1 Example 1: Migrating data to a table with the same table definition
- 13.16.2 Example 2: Migrating data to a table with a different table definition
- 13.16.3 Specification examples of column structure information files
- 13.17 Deleting a table
- 13.18 Deleting a schema
- 13.19 Deleting an abstract data type
- 13.20 Creating a definition SQL from an existing table
- 13.21 Managing a list (narrowed search)
- 13.22 Standardizing spaces in table data
- 13.22.1 Overview of space conversion facility
- 13.22.2 Setting the space conversion level
- 13.22.3 Standardizing space characters in a table
- 13.22.4 Distributed database environment
- 13.23 Converting the sign portion of the decimal type
- 13.23.1 Overview of the facility for conversion to a decimal signed normalized number
- 13.23.2 Normalizing existing data
- 14. Handling Indexes
- 14.1 Improving index storage efficiency (index reorganization)
- 14.1.1 Overview of index reorganization
- 14.1.2 Example 1: Reorganizing an index
- 14.1.3 Actions when an error occurs during index reorganization
- 14.1.4 Example 2: When an RDAREA shortage occurs during index reorganization (execution in a mode other than no-log mode)
- 14.1.5 Example 3: When an RDAREA shortage occurs during index reorganization (execution in no-log mode)
- 14.2 Defining an index for a table that contains data
- 14.3 Deleting an index
- 14.4 Creating a definition SQL from an existing index
- 14.5 Reducing the number of index page splits (unbalanced index split)
- 14.6 Error handling during batch index creation
- 14.6.1 Example of recovery when reloading (data loading) was performed in the log acquisition mode or the pre-update log acquisition mode
- 14.6.2 Example of recovery when reloading (data loading) was performed in the no-log mode (when the RDAREA storing the index contains no other tables or indexes)
- 14.6.3 Example of recovery when reloading (data loading) was executed in the no-log mode (when the RDAREA storing the index contains other tables or indexes)
- 14.6.4 Example of recovery in the event of an error on the disk that contains the index storage RDAREA
- 14.7 Delayed batch creation of a plug-in index
- 14.7.1 Delayed batch creation of a plug-in index
- 14.7.2 Environment setup
- 14.7.3 Procedure during UAP execution
- 14.7.4 Notes
- 14.7.5 Error handling procedures
- 15. Handling RDAREAs
- 15.1 RDAREA space shortage
- 15.2 Creating an RDAREA (RDAREA addition)
- 15.2.1 Before adding an RDAREA
- 15.2.2 Example
- 15.3 Increasing the size of an RDAREA (RDAREA expansion)
- 15.3.1 Before expanding an RDAREA
- 15.3.2 Example
- 15.4 Increasing the size of an RDAREA or modifying its attributes (RDAREA reinitialization)
- 15.4.1 Before reinitializing an RDAREA
- 15.4.2 Example 1 (index is defined)
- 15.4.3 Example 2 (index is defined)
- 15.4.4 Example 3 (LOB column is defined)
- 15.4.5 Example 4 (LOB column is defined)
- 15.4.6 Example 5 (abstract data type is defined)
- 15.4.7 Example 6 (abstract data type is defined)
- 15.4.8 Example 7 (using a UAP, all RDAREAs associated with a table are reinitialized, and data is recovered)
- 15.4.9 Example 8 (using a UAP, all RDAREAs associated with a table are reinitialized, and data is recovered)
- 15.4.10 Example 9 (changing the disk layout for RDAREAs)
- 15.5 Modifying an RDAREA opening trigger attribute (RDAREA modification)
- 15.5.1 Before changing the RDAREA opening trigger attribute
- 15.5.2 Example
- 15.6 Deleting an RDAREA
- 15.6.1 Before deleting an RDAREA
- 15.6.2 Example
- 15.7 RDAREA automatic extension
- 15.7.1 Automatic extension of an RDAREA
- 15.7.2 Example
- 15.7.3 Handling space shortages in HiRDB file system areas
- 15.7.4 Actions to take when the number of extents reaches the maximum value
- 15.8 Moving an RDAREA (RDAREA migration)
- 15.8.1 Before moving RDAREAs
- 15.8.2 Example 1 (Moving RDAREAs to the back-end server on a new server machine)
- 15.8.3 Example 2 (Moving RDAREAs to a back-end server in a different unit)
- 15.8.4 Example 3 (Moving RDAREAs to a different back-end server in the same unit)
- 15.8.5 Example 4 (Moving RDAREAs containing a row-partitioned table)
- 15.8.6 Example 5 (Moving inner replica RDAREAs)
- 15.8.7 Example 6 (Moving RDAREAs containing an abstract data type)
- 15.9 Re-using used free pages and used free segments
- 15.9.1 Page and segment status
- 15.9.2 Reusing used free pages
- 15.9.3 Reusing used free segments
- 16. Handling Stored Procedures and Stored Functions
- 16.1 Before creating (registering) stored procedures or stored functions
- 16.2 Creating (registering) a stored procedure or stored function
- 16.3 Re-creating an invalidated stored procedure or stored function
- 16.4 Deleting a stored procedure or stored function
- 16.5 Creating a definition SQL from an existing stored procedure
- 17. Using Java Stored Procedures and Java Stored Functions
- 17.1 Overview of Java stored procedures and Java stored functions
- 17.2 System configuration for using Java stored procedures and Java stored functions
- 17.3 Environment setup
- 17.4 JAR file operations
- 17.4.1 When an error occurs in a JAR file
- 17.4.2 When the server configuration is modified (HiRDB/Parallel Server only)
- 18. Error Handling Procedures
- 18.1 HiRDB processing and the HiRDB administrator's action in the event of an error
- 18.1.1 Actions to be taken by the HiRDB administrator when an error occurs
- 18.1.2 Information collected by HiRDB when an error occurs
- 18.1.3 HiRDB processing in the event of an error
- 18.1.4 Handling of HiRDB process errors
- 18.1.5 Information inherited during a HiRDB restart
- 18.1.6 Facility for changing the process-down message when a transaction is cancelled
- 18.2 When a UAP does not execute correctly
- 18.3 When operation commands do not execute correctly
- 18.3.1 Actions to be taken when operation commands will not execute
- 18.3.2 Actions to be taken when an operation command results in a timeout while waiting for a response
- 18.4 When HiRDB does not start
- 18.4.1 When HiRDB does not start normally
- 18.4.2 When HiRDB does not restart
- 18.4.3 Actions to be taken in the event of an error in the master directory RDAREA
- 18.4.4 Actions to be taken in the event of other errors
- 18.5 When HiRDB does not terminate
- 18.6 Handling of system log file errors
- 18.6.1 Actions to be taken in the event of an error in the current file
- 18.6.2 Actions to be taken when HiRDB Datareplicator is being used
- 18.6.3 Actions to be taken when a HiRDB (unit) cannot be restarted due to an error in both versions of the current file
- 18.7 Handling of synchronization point dump file errors
- 18.8 Handling of status file errors
- 18.8.1 Actions to be taken in the event of an error in the current file
- 18.8.2 Procedure for starting a HiRDB (unit) while there is an erroneous status file
- 18.8.3 Actions to be taken when a HiRDB (unit) cannot be restarted due to an error in both versions of the current file
- 18.9 Handling of errors in files other than system files
- 18.9.1 Errors in the HiRDB system definitions file
- 18.9.2 Errors in the message log file
- 18.9.3 Errors in the statistics log file
- 18.9.4 Errors in the data linkage file (HiRDB Datareplicator)
- 18.10 When the OS terminates abnormally
- 18.11 Handling of errors while linked to an OLTP system
- 18.11.1 Actions to be taken when a communication error occurs while HiRDB is linked to an OLTP system
- 18.11.2 Actions to be taken when a transaction is placed in FORGETTING status due to an error
- 18.11.3 Actions to be taken when transactions remain resident due to inactivity of a unit with a front-end server
- 18.12 Handling of communication errors, CPU errors, and power failures
- 18.12.1 Handling of communication errors
- 18.12.2 Handling of CPU errors
- 18.12.3 Handling of a power failure
- 18.13 When HiRDB cannot be terminated because a user is still connected
- 18.13.1 Corrective procedure
- 18.13.2 Connected user data file and connected user details file
- 18.14 Actions when there is an undetermined transaction
- 18.14.1 Forcing determination of uncompleted transactions
- 18.14.2 Performing transaction determination manually on undetermined transactions
- 18.15 Handling of reduced activation (HiRDB/Parallel Server only)
- 18.16 Handling of disk errors
- 18.17 When a HiRDB (unit) terminates due to a system log file space shortage
- 18.17.1 Restart procedure
- 18.17.2 Determining the minimum number of system log files to be added
- 18.17.3 Creating a file in swappable target status
- 18.17.4 Creating a HiRDB file system area for system files
- 18.17.5 Determining the number of system log files to be used as input files during restart
- 18.17.6 Checking for synchronization point dump validation
- 18.18 When a utility terminates abnormally during execution of a reorganization with synchronization points set
- 18.18.1 Overview of actions
- 18.18.2 Example
- 18.18.3 Actions to be taken when a utility terminates abnormally before unload data files have been consolidated (HiRDB/Parallel Server only)
- 18.18.4 Notes
- 18.19 Actions when page destruction in an RDAREA is detected
- 18.19.1 Causes of page destruction
- 18.19.2 Actions to be taken
- 18.20 Actions to take when an RDAREA I/O error occurs
- 18.21 Checking the transaction completion type when an error occurs during commit processing (HiRDB/Parallel Server)
- 18.22 Actions to take when an error occurs while a local buffer is being used to update a shared table (HiRDB/Parallel Server only)
- 18.23 Actions to take when an error occurs in the system manager unit
- 18.24 Actions to take when a mismatch occurs between the original and the mirror duplicate
- 18.25 Recovery of HiRDB directory
- 18.25.1 When installation directory is available
- 18.25.2 When installation directory is not available
- 18.25.3 When a backup is available for the disk on which the HiRDB directory is located
- 18.26 Handling errors in the HiRDB file system areas
- 18.26.1 Unmanageable files and unreferenceable areas
- 18.26.2 Corruption of the area management information (applicable to HiRDB version 07-02 and earlier)
- 19. Database Recovery Procedures
- 19.1 Overview of database recovery
- 19.1.1 Database recovery point
- 19.1.2 Relationship to the backup acquisition mode
- 19.1.3 Relationship to the log acquisition mode
- 19.1.4 Notes on recovery of various types of RDAREAs
- 19.1.5 For users of 64-bit-mode HiRDB
- 19.2 Recovering a database to the point at which a backup was made
- 19.2.1 Example 1: Recovering all RDAREAs
- 19.2.2 Example 2: Recovering specified RDAREAs
- 19.2.3 Example 3: When JP1/OmniBack II is used for recovery
- 19.3 Recovering a database to the most recent synchronization point
- 19.3.1 Example 1: Recovering all RDAREAs
- 19.3.2 Example 2: Recovering specified RDAREAs
- 19.3.3 Example 3: Recovering specified RDAREAs (operation without unloading the system log)
- 19.3.4 Example 4: When JP1/OmniBack II is used for recovery)
- 19.4 Database recovery using the differential backup facility
- 19.4.1 Example 1: Recover to the most recent differential backup acquisition point
- 19.4.2 Example 2: Recover to the most recent synchronization point
- 19.4.3 Recovery when a differential backup management file is not available
- 19.5 Recovery procedure when the backup was not made with the pdcopy command
- 19.5.1 Example 1: Recovering all RDAREAs to the point at which a backup was made
- 19.5.2 Example 2: Recovering specified RDAREAs to the point at which a backup was made
- 19.5.3 Example 3: Recovering all RDAREAs to the most recent synchronization point
- 19.5.4 Example 4: Recovering specified RDAREAs
- 19.5.5 Example 5: Recovering the master directory RDAREA only
- 20. Obtaining Tuning Information
- 20.1 Collecting tuning information from the statistics log
- 20.1.1 Tuning information that can be collected from the statistics log
- 20.1.2 Preparing for collecting tuning information
- 20.1.3 Collecting tuning information
- 20.1.4 Shell script for creating unload statistics log files at a specified server machine
- 20.1.5 When linked to an OLTP system
- 20.2 Collecting tuning information from the system log
- 20.3 Using the database condition analysis utility to collect tuning information
- 21. Tuning
- 21.1 Tuning global buffer pools
- 21.1.1 Using the pdbufls command to collect statistical information
- 21.1.2 Using the statistics analysis utility to collect statistical information
- 21.2 Tuning deferred write processing
- 21.3 Tuning the synchronization point processing time when deferred write processing is used
- 21.3.1 Tuning procedure
- 21.3.2 How to interpret statistical information about deferred write processing
- 21.3.3 How to reduce the synchronization point processing time
- 21.4 Tuning the synchronization point dump interval
- 21.5 Tuning buffer lengths
- 21.5.1 Tuning the buffer length for table definition information
- 21.5.2 Tuning the buffer length for view analysis information
- 21.5.3 Tuning the buffer length for user privilege information
- 21.5.4 Tuning the buffer length for SQL objects
- 21.5.5 Tuning the buffer length for user-defined type information
- 21.5.6 Tuning the buffer length for routine definition information
- 21.5.7 Tuning the buffer length for registry information
- 21.6 Tuning the number of processes
- 21.6.1 Tuning the maximum number of active processes
- 21.6.2 Tuning the number of resident processes
- 21.6.3 Tuning the number of processes in asynchronous READ processing
- 21.7 Tuning indexes
- 21.8 Tuning the database
- 21.9 Tuning SQLs
- 21.10 Tuning the system's internal processing
- 22. Using the Security Audit Facility
- 22.1 Overview of the security audit facility
- 22.1.1 About the security audit facility
- 22.1.2 Triggers for collecting audit trails
- 22.1.3 Examples of audit trail collection
- 22.1.4 Information collected in an audit trail
- 22.1.5 Accessing an audit trail
- 22.1.6 System configuration requirements
- 22.1.7 Audited events
- 22.2 Information output to an audit trail file
- 22.3 Audit trail output patterns
- 22.3.1 Output patterns during privilege checking
- 22.3.2 Output patterns at event termination
- 22.3.3 Relationships among audit trails
- 22.4 Environment settings
- 22.4.1 Security audit facility operand specifications
- 22.4.2 Creation of the HiRDB file system area for the audit trail files
- 22.4.3 Auditor registration, creation of the RDAREA to store the audit trail table, and creation of the audit trail table
- 22.4.4 Audit event definition
- 22.5 Operating procedure
- 22.5.1 Actions performed by the HiRDB administrator
- 22.5.2 Actions performed by the auditor
- 22.6 Operation of audit trail files
- 22.6.1 Creation of audit trail files
- 22.6.2 Status of audit trail files
- 22.6.3 Swapping of audit trail files
- 22.7 Recording data in the audit trail table
- 22.7.1 Example 1: Data loading from specified audit trail files
- 22.7.2 Example 2: Data loading from all audit trail files in the HiRDB file system area
- 22.7.3 Procedure when an error occurs during data loading
- 22.8 Audit trail table columns
- 22.9 Narrowing the audit trails
- 22.10 Audit trail file error handling
- 22.11 Linkage with other facilities
- 22.12 Audit trail record items (during privilege checking)
- 22.13 Audit trail record items (at event termination)
- 22.14 Audit trail output destination unit during utility execution (HiRDB/Parallel Server only)
- 22.15 Notes on version upgrading
- 23. Using the Connection Security Facility
- 23.1 Overview of the connection security facility
- 23.1.1 About the connection security facility
- 23.1.2 Password character string restrictions
- 23.1.3 Limit on the number of consecutive certification failures
- 23.2 Setting password character string restrictions
- 23.3 Changing a password character string restriction
- 23.3.1 Special notes on changing password character string restrictions
- 23.3.2 Procedure for changing a password character string restriction
- 23.4 Releasing the password-invalid account lock state
- 23.4.1 Releasing individual users from password-invalid account lock state
- 23.4.2 Releasing all users from password-invalid account lock state
- 23.5 Checking for users who will be placed in password-invalid account lock state
- 23.6 Privilege granting or revocation for users in password-invalid account lock state
- 23.7 Cancelling the password character string restrictions
- 23.8 Relationships between password character string restrictions and other facilities
- 23.8.1 Notes on using a Directory Server linkage facility
- 23.8.2 Notes on using the security audit facility
- 23.9 Setting and cancelling the limit on number of consecutive certification failures
- 23.9.1 Setting a new limit on the number of consecutive certification failures
- 23.9.2 Cancelling the limit on the number of consecutive certification failures
- 23.9.3 Changing the limit on the number of consecutive certification failures
- 23.9.4 Checking the permitted number of consecutive certification failures and the account lock period
- 23.10 Checking for users in consecutive certification failure account lock state
- 23.11 Releasing consecutive certification failure account lock state
- 23.12 Notes on using the connection security facility
- 23.12.1 Releasing a double lock
- 23.12.2 Notes on restoring a dictionary RDAREA
- 24. Using the Directory Server Linkage Facility
- 24.1 Overview of the Directory Server linkage facility
- 24.1.1 About the Directory Server linkage facility
- 24.1.2 Directory servers that can be linked
- 24.1.3 Capabilities of the Directory Server linkage facility
- 24.2 System configuration
- 24.2.1 Software configuration
- 24.2.2 Example system configurations
- 24.3 Environment setup
- 24.3.1 Notes on HiRDB environment setup
- 24.3.2 Procedure for setting up environment for Directory Server linkage facility
- 24.3.3 Handling upper-case and lower-case letters specified in user IDs, passwords, and roles
- 24.4 User privileges setup
- 24.4.1 DBA privilege setup
- 24.4.2 Auditor privilege setup
- 24.4.3 CONNECT privilege setup
- 24.4.4 Schema definition privilege setup
- 24.4.5 RDAREA usage privilege setup
- 24.4.6 Table access privilege setup
- 24.5 Operating procedures
- 24.5.1 Adding, modifying, or deleting a user or role
- 24.5.2 Acquiring table access privileges information
- 24.5.3 Suspending the Directory Server linkage facility
- 24.6 Operations in the event of an error
- 24.7 Creating the HiRDB LDAP Option environment definition file
- 25. Using the System Switchover Facility
- 25.1 Overview of the system switchover facility
- 25.1.1 System switchover facility (standby system switchover facility)
- 25.1.2 Standby-less system switchover facilities
- 25.1.3 Application criteria for the system switchover facilities
- 25.1.4 Cluster software supported by HiRDB
- 25.1.5 Monitor mode and server mode
- 25.2 System configuration examples
- 25.2.1 System configuration examples of a HiRDB/Single Server (standby system switchover)
- 25.2.2 System configuration examples of a HiRDB/Parallel Server
- 25.2.3 System configuration examples of standby-less system switchover (1:1)
- 25.2.4 System configuration examples of standby-less system switchover (effects distributed)
- 25.3 IP address configuration examples
- 25.4 Handling of host names depending on whether or not IP addresses are inherited
- 25.4.1 HiRDB/Single Server
- 25.4.2 HiRDB/Parallel Server
- 25.5 HiRDB preparations
- 25.5.1 Conditions and notes
- 25.5.2 Preparing a shared disk unit
- 25.5.3 Creating HiRDB system definitions
- 25.5.4 Client environment definition specification
- 25.5.5 Specification examples of host names in HiRDB system definitions and client environment definitions
- 25.5.6 RDAREA creation
- 25.5.7 Definition of global buffers (standby-less system switchover (1:1) facility only)
- 25.5.8 Definition of global buffers (standby-less system switchover (effects distributed) facility only)
- 25.5.9 Using audit trail files
- 25.6 HA monitor preparations
- 25.6.1 sysdef definition statement
- 25.6.2 server definition statement
- 25.7 MC/ServiceGuard preparations
- 25.7.1 Package
- 25.7.2 Shell script for starting HiRDB
- 25.7.3 Shell script for terminating HiRDB
- 25.7.4 Shell script for generating a dummy process (services monitored by MC/ServiceGuard) (monitor mode only)
- 25.7.5 Package IP address
- 25.7.6 Example of grouped MC/ServiceGuard and HiRDB configuration
- 25.8 VERITAS Cluster Server preparations
- 25.8.1 Groups and resources
- 25.8.2 HiRDB resource type definition
- 25.8.3 Agent definition pre-preparation
- 25.8.4 Agent definition
- 25.8.5 Environment setup file creation
- 25.9 Sun Cluster preparations
- 25.9.1 Cluster startup
- 25.9.2 Shared disk setup (disk group creation)
- 25.9.3 Network setup (PNM setup)
- 25.9.4 Logical host creation
- 25.9.5 Service creation and registration
- 25.10 HACMP preparations
- 25.11 ClusterPerfect preparations
- 25.11.1 System configurations unable to perform system switchover
- 25.11.2 Network configuration examples
- 25.11.3 Scenario preparations
- 25.11.4 Shells used when setting HiRDB scenarios
- 25.12 Hitachi HA Toolkit Extension preparations (server mode only)
- 25.12.1 sysdef definition statement
- 25.12.2 server definition statement
- 25.13 Differences in the HiRDB operating procedures
- 25.13.1 Starting HiRDB (in the server mode)
- 25.13.2 Starting HiRDB (in the monitor mode)
- 25.13.3 Terminating HiRDB (in the server mode)
- 25.13.4 Terminating HiRDB (in the monitor mode)
- 25.13.5 Monitoring statuses
- 25.13.6 Handling of statistics log files
- 25.13.7 Notes on operations
- 25.13.8 Notes on using the standby-less system switchover facility
- 25.14 Planned system switchover
- 25.15 Grouped system switchover
- 25.16 Actions to be taken by the HiRDB administrator when errors occur
- 25.17 Operating procedures after system switchover
- 25.18 Reducing system switchover time (user server hot standby, rapid system switchover facility)
- 25.18.1 User server hot standby
- 25.18.2 Rapid system switchover facility
- 25.18.3 System configuration examples when using the rapid system switchover facility
- 25.18.4 Checking procedure when activation of standby system takes much time
- 25.18.5 Notes on using the rapid system switchover facility
- 25.19 Transaction queuing facility
- 25.20 System switchover when errors other than server failures occur
- 25.20.1 A large number of server processes has terminated abnormally
- 25.20.2 RDAREA I/O error (path error) has occurred
- 25.21 Actions to take when a stopped unit prevents switching of the system manager unit
- 25.21.1 Using reduced activation
- 25.21.2 Specifying the pd_ha_mgr_rerun operand
- 26. Using the Facility for Monitoring MIB Performance Information
- 26.1 Overview of the facility for monitoring MIB performance information
- 26.1.1 About the facility for monitoring MIB performance information
- 26.1.2 Objectives of the facility for monitoring MIB performance information
- 26.1.3 MIB definition file
- 26.1.4 MIB environment definition file
- 26.2 System configuration
- 26.3 Environment setup
- 26.4 MIB definition file
- 26.5 Server status table (hirServerStatusTable)
- 26.6 Work table HiRDB file system area table (hirFileSystemTable)
- 26.7 RDAREA table (hirRdareaStatusTable)
- 26.8 RDAREA details table (hirRdareaDetStatusTable)
- 26.9 Global buffer table (hirBufferStatusTable)
- 26.10 HiRDB file system area (RDAREAs) table (hirRdareaFileTable)
- 26.11 SYS statistics table (hirStatisInfSysTable)
- 26.12 Disk usage
- 27. Using a Distributed Database (applicable to HP-UX and AIX 5L only)
- 27.1 Overview of a distributed database
- 27.1.1 Scope of distributed database
- 27.1.2 Remote database access facility
- 27.1.3 Character codes environment
- 27.1.4 Handling of authorization identifiers
- 27.1.5 Handling of passwords
- 27.1.6 Notes on establishing connection with another node's HiRDB
- 27.2 Environment setup for a distributed database
- 27.2.1 HiRDB environment setup
- 27.2.2 DF/UX environment setup
- 27.2.3 DF/UX Extension environment setup
- 27.3 Distributed database security
- 27.4 Information output when a communication error occurs (Distributed Server facility only)
- Appendixes
- A. Q&A
- A.1 System log files
- A.2 Synchronization point dump files
- A.3 Status files
- A.4 Errors
- A.5 Tables and indexes
- A.6 HiRDB startup
- A.7 HiRDB termination
- A.8 Performance
- A.9 Backup
- A.10 RDAREA recovery
- A.11 Other
- B. Operations When Using a DVD-RAM Library Device
- C. Information Needed for Troubleshooting
- D. Notes on Running HiRDB Around the Clock
- D.1 System reconfiguration command (pdchgconf command)
- D.2 Specifying HiRDB system definitions
- D.3 Making backups
- D.4 Reorganizing databases
- D.5 Reusing used free pages and free space within pages
- D.6 Expanding RDAREAs
- D.7 Dynamic updating of global buffers
- D.8 Deleting troubleshooting information
- D.9 System switchover facility
- D.10 Program maintenance facility (upgrade to update version)
- D.11 Recovery-unnecessary front-end server (HiRDB/Parallel Server only)
- E. Using Performance Improvement Facilities
- E.1 BES connection holding facility (HiRDB/Parallel Server only)
- Index
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